Patellar Tendon Injuries
What is the patellar tendon?
The patellar tendon connects the bottom of the kneecap (patella) to the top of the shinbone (tibia). It works with the quadriceps muscle to help straighten the knee, making it essential for walking, running, and jumping.
A patellar tendon tear is an injury where the tendon is partially or completely torn, usually near its attachment to the kneecap. A complete tear disconnects the knee from the lower leg muscles, making it difficult or impossible to straighten the leg.
Symptoms include sudden pain in the front of the knee, swelling, and difficulty walking. In a complete tear, patients may be unable to straighten the knee or bear weight. A visible gap may be felt below the kneecap.
Tears often occur during sudden, forceful movements like landing from a jump or stumbling. They’re more common in athletes, people with chronic tendonitis, or those who’ve had prior knee surgery. Certain medications or medical conditions may also weaken the tendon.
Diagnosis starts with a physical exam to assess knee extension and detect a tendon gap. X-rays may show a high-riding kneecap, while an MRI confirms the tear and determines its extent.
Partial tears may be treated with bracing and physical therapy. Complete tears usually require surgery to restore normal knee function, especially in active individuals or those with significant weakness or loss of motion.
Patellar tendon repair surgery involves reattaching the torn tendon to the kneecap using strong sutures and anchors. In some cases, graft tissue is used to reinforce the repair, especially if the tendon is frayed or weakened.
Recovery typically takes up to 6 months. Patients wear a knee brace and may use crutches initially. Physical therapy begins with gentle range of motion and gradually progresses to strengthening. Return to sports may take 6 months or longer, depending on healing and rehab.
At a Glance
Sachin Allahabadi, MD
- Board-Certified & Fellowship-Trained Sports Medicine Surgeon
- Expertise in Minimally Invasive Knee & Shoulder Surgeries
- Assistant Professor of Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital & Weill Cornell Medical College
- Learn more
