Hip Fracture
What is a hip femur fracture?
A hip femur fracture refers to a break in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone) near the hip joint. It most commonly occurs in older adults and can significantly affect mobility and independence.
There are several types based on the location of the fracture:
- Femoral neck fractures: occur just below the ball of the hip joint.
- Intertrochanteric fractures: occur further down between the neck and shaft of the femur.
- Subtrochanteric fractures: occur below the trochanters, in the upper shaft.
Each type may require a different surgical approach.
In older adults, hip fractures are most commonly caused by falls, especially in those with osteoporosis. In younger individuals, they usually result from high-energy trauma such as car accidents or falls from significant heights.
Symptoms include sudden hip or groin pain, inability to bear weight, leg shortening or rotation, and difficulty moving the leg. In most cases, patients may be unable to stand or walk.
Diagnosis is based on physical exam and imaging. X-rays are typically used to confirm the fracture and determine its type. CT or MRI may be used if the fracture is not visible on X-ray or to assess complex patterns to plan for surgery.
Surgery is usually recommended for most hip fractures to restore mobility and reduce complications. The specific procedure depends on the fracture type, patient age, and bone quality. Options include internal fixation, partial hip replacement, or total hip replacement.
Open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) involves making an incision to realign the broken bone fragments, then securing them with metal screws, rods, or plates. ORIF is commonly used for intertrochanteric and some femoral neck fractures.
Recovery typically takes 3 to 6 months. Early mobilization with physical therapy begins shortly after surgery to reduce the risk of complications. Weight-bearing status depends on the fracture type and fixation strength. Many patients return to walking with assistance within weeks and continue to regain strength and mobility over time.
At a Glance
Sachin Allahabadi, MD
- Board-Certified & Fellowship-Trained Sports Medicine Surgeon
- Expertise in Minimally Invasive Knee & Shoulder Surgeries
- Assistant Professor of Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital & Weill Cornell Medical College
- Learn more
